AbstractThe aim of this study was to investigate the validity, reliability and factor structure of the "How I Think" questionnaire to assess cognitive distortions in Iranian students. The present research design is descriptive and psychometric studies. The statistical population of this study included all male high school students in city Dezful in the academic year 1399-1400, from which 316 students were selected by multi-stage random sampling and completed the How I think and Bass and Perry Aggression Questionnaires (for Convergent validity). Factor analysis, Cronbach's alpha and Pearson correlation were used to analyze the data using SPSS and AMOS 20 software. The results of factor analysis showed that the questionnaire consists of six factors and has good fit indices. The convergent validity of this questionnaire indicated a satisfactory correlation between the dimensions of the scale "How I think" with the Aggression Questionnaire (p <0.01). Cronbach's alpha and Split- half coefficients for the whole scale and its dimensions ranged from 0.66 to 0.92.The conclusion is that the Persian version of the "How do I think" questionnaire for measuring cognitive distortions in Iranian students has acceptable psychometric properties and can be used as a valid tool in research, educational and clinical situations.

The Schwarz inequality and Jensen’s one are fundamental in a Hilbert space. Regarding a sesquilinear map B(X, Y ) = Y*X as an operatorvalued inner product, we discuss operator versions for the above inequalities and give simple conditions that the equalities hold.

For a given MEASURE space (X, B, m) we construct all MEASURE spaces (Y, C, l) in which (X, B, m) is embeddable. The construction is modeled on the ultrafilter construction of the Stone-Cech compactification of a completely regular topological space.Under certain conditions the construction simplifies. Examples are given when this simplification occurs.

In this paper, we first of all define the distance MEASURE entitled generalized Hausdorff distance between two trapezoidal generalized fuzzy numbers (TGFNs) that has been introduced by Chen [10]. Then using a other distance and combining with generalized Hausdorff distance, we define the similarity MEASURE. The basic properties of the above mentioned similarity MEASURE are proved in detail. Finally we rank two generalized fuzzy numbers using distance MEASURE and similarity MEASURE between them.

The study of charact (sometimes referred to as virtue of the moral virtues) has now com in from the cold. Since the 1920s, there has been a dramatic resurgence of interest in questions of virtues and character among social scientists and positive psychologists. Nonetheless, the study of character generally, and in business specifically, is scant. Gavin et al, In their study of world leaders over the past 150 years assert that manages possessing strong character. Actions are real indicator of character. Talent is a gift, but character is a choice. Strong character is the foundation on which to build success.

Background: There is no validated instrument for Persian-speaking students to apply the socialecological resilience theory (SERT), which emphasizes the ecological resources for developing resilience. The study aimed at developing the student social-ecological resilience MEASURE (Student-SERM) in Iran’ s context. Methods: Three separate samples of undergraduates participated in this mixed-methods research from the University of Tehran, Iran. Phase-1 qualitatively explored the resilience features in the university setting, to devise the university-specific subscale (USS). Phase-2 piloted the construct validity and reliability of the Student-SERM in 242 undergraduates, who also completed Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21). Phase-3, as a cross-validation study, investigated 487 undergraduates, who completed the refined Student-SERM, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), and three indices screening academic performance, loneliness, and suicide acceptability. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), Pearson’ s correlation, and Cronbach’ s alpha were performed. Results: Phase-1 yielded nine items for USS. In phase-2, EFA indicated the construct validity of the main 20-item MEASURE (RMSEA=0. 06 and SRMR=0. 04) and the nine-item USS (RMSEA = 0. 07 and SRMR = 0. 04), and the reliability and convergent/divergent validity were confirmed. In phase-3, EFA (RMSEA = 0. 07 and SRMR = 0. 04) and CFA (RMSEA = 0. 07, CFI = 0. 89, TLI = 0. 87, and SRMR = 0. 07) in two separate subsamples and CFA (RMSEA = 0. 06, CFI = 0. 92, TLI = 0. 90, and SRMR = 0. 06) in the total sample indicated the construct validity of the refined Student-SERM, including family, peer, culture, growth, and USS subscales. The reliability and convergent/ divergent validity were also reconfirmed. Conclusion: The Student-SERM incorporates ecological resources, accounting for the students’ resilience. Since the resilience process involves a return to healthy functioning after adversity, further research can examine the application of Student-SERM in high-risk student populations.

In this paper, we introduce chaotic MEASURE for discrete and continuous dynamical systems and study some properties of MEASURE chaotic systems. Also relationship between chaotic MEASURE, ergodic and expansive MEASUREs is investigated. Finally, we prove a new version of variational principle for chaotic MEASURE.

Scott and Szewczyk in Technometrics, 2001, have introduced a similarity MEASURE for two densities ¦1 and  ¦2 , bySIM(¦1 ¦2)=< ¦1 ¦2>/Ö<¦1 ¦2> <¦1 ¦2>Where<¦1 ¦2>ò+¥-¥¦1(c,q1) ¦2(c,q2)dc sim(¦1 ¦2) has some appropriate properties that can be suitable MEASUREs for the similarity of ¦1 and ¦2 . However, due to some restrictions on the value of parameters and the kind of densities, discrete or continuous, it cannot be used in general. The purpose of this article is to give some other MEASUREs, based on modified Scott's MEASURE, and Kullback information, which may be better than sim (¦1 ¦2) in some cases. The properties of these new MEASUREs are studied and some examples are provided.